Shanti Bhushan Mishra
ABSTRACT
Insulin resistance is a common feature in obesity and possibly can lead to further disorders metabolic syndrome like type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lipodystrophies on the other hand are associated with decreased adipose mass but are, again, characterized by insulin resistance. Hyperinsulinaemia, which accompanies IR, is thought to play an important role in the pathogenesis of some syndromes. Excess abdominal adipose tissue has been shown to release increased amounts of free fatty acids which directly affect insulin signalling, diminish glucose uptake in muscle, drive exaggerated triglyceride synthesis and induce gluconeogenesis in the liver. Other factors presumed to play the role in insulin resistance are tumour necrosis factor α, adiponectin, leptin, IL-6 and some other adipokines. In present paper we have discussed about its signaling and mechanism of action of IR.
KEY WORDS: Insulin resistance, Hyperinsulinemia, Insulin signaling, Mechanism of action