Presha Baral, Chandra Bhushan Jha, Prahlad Karki
Background: Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) is a consistent chromosomal abnormality in chronic myeloid leukemia. This abnormality is caused by reciprocal translocation involving breaks on chromosome 9 and 22 and translocation of genetic material t (9; 22) (q34; q11) giving rise to oncogene breakpoint cluster region – Abelson murine leukemia. The aim of the study is to identify the Ph in diagnosed CML cases and identify the percentage of Ph in positive cases.
Materials and Methods: A total of 30 cases of chronic myeloid leukemia which were diagnosed clinically were randomly selected for the study. Bone marrow samples were collected in heparinized vials. Cytogenetic analysis was done by karyotyping. Philadelphia-positive and -negative case was identified.
Results: Ph was detected in 29 cases of 30 cases. In this study, around 96.67% were detected Philadelphia positive.
Conclusion: Conventional cytogenetic can detect Ph in more than 95% of cases. In developing countries, where more sophisticated techniques are still not available, conventional cytogenetic is the gold standard for the detection of chronic myeloid leukemia.
Key words: Chronic myeloid leukemia, cytogenetics, Philadelphia chromosome