MUKUND LATA BHARTI<\/p>\n
ABSTRACT
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the major causes of death in industrially developed countries.\u00a0 In particular occlusive pathologies of coronary and peripheral arteries are the third cause of\u00a0 death in these countries. The recent introduction of drug eluting stents (DES) technology\u00a0 contributes a major advancement in the treatment of obstructive coronary \u00e2\u20ac\u201c artery\u00a0 diseases.\u00a0 A\u00a0 DES is a peripheral or coronary stent ( scaffold ) which slowly elutes a drug locally, design to\u00a0 limit the growth of neointimal scar tissue;\u00a0 thus reducing the likelihood of stent restenosis.\u00a0 In\u00a0 DES\u00a0 designing<\/span>\u00a0 the\u00a0\u00a0 Stent\u00a0 platform\u00a0 (metallic platform),\u00a0 Coating\u00a0 (a\u00a0 drug\u00a0 carrier\u00a0 vehicle\u00a0 which holds and elutes the drug in a controlled manner), Active therapeutic agent (reduces\u00a0 neointimal growth) are three major parts are used; for stent platform different type of\u00a0 metallic\u00a0 can be used like stainless steel, nitinol, cobalt, chromium, platinum, gold, magnesium\u00a0 alloy etc,\u00a0 and polymers which are generally used in DES are\u00a0 may be Biodegradable polymers (like\u00a0 poly\u00a0 lacticacid (PLA), poly glycolic acid (PLGA), poly caprolactone (PCL) etc. or Non\u00a0 biodegradable polymers (like polybutylmethacrylate (PBMA), polymethyl-methacrylate\u00a0 (PMMA), phosphorylcholine, polyethyleneterphthalate (PET) and the drug incorporated in the\u00a0 stent is basically Immunosuppressive and Antiproliferative drugs like Sirolimus, Everolimus, Zotarolimus, Paclitaxel etc. to inhibit neointimal growth which would cause restenosis. The success of DES in a long term clinical outcome basically depends upon Stent configuration, Strut Thickness<\/span>, Stent coating, and Drug elution. Therefore, the introduction of DES in percutaneous<\/span> coronary intervention (PCI) is a major innovative advancement in interventional cardiology. DES dramatically reduces the ISR rate in all subgroups of patients. Continuing improvement in drug delivery stent technologies and gradual reduction in cost makes DES an effective mainstay of therapy for CAD.
Key\u00a0 Words<\/span>:\u00a0 Stent,\u00a0 Coating,\u00a0 Restenosis<\/span>,\u00a0 Drug loading<\/span>,\u00a0 Coronary\u00a0 artery\u00a0 disease<\/span>\u00a0 (CAD).<\/p>\n